Speech errors in the oral speech of Zhirinovsky. Errors in the speech of television and radio hosts
1.Mistakes in the speech of politiciansMistakes in the speech of politicians 2.Our goalOur goal 3.HypothesisHypothesis 4.ContentContent 5.Types of errorsTypes of errors 6."Dictionary for deputies and officials""Dictionary for deputies and officials" ? 8. Deputy N is lying! Deputy N is lying! 9. Speech of a politician Speech of a politician 10. Parliamentary speech Luzhkov 17. G. BoosG. Boos 18. G. ZyuganovG. Zyuganov 19. B. NemtsovB. Nemtsov 20. G. YavlinskyG. Yavlinsky 21. V. ZhirinovskyV. Zhirinovsky 22. V. MatvienkoV. Matvienko 23. ConclusionConclusion CONCLUSION
Petersburg linguists have released a new edition of the Russian language dictionary for deputies. The initiator of the publication was the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, because. according to experts, the speech of modern politicians is replete with various kinds of errors. And if in the previous edition the emphasis was placed on pronunciation, the new dictionary is designed to correct the syntactic errors of the people's choices. The dictionary contains many examples, but philologists, for obvious reasons, decided not to indicate the authors of the "statements". CONTENT
Lack of political correctness, violation of ethical standards, linguistic vulgarity, aggression, the desire to humiliate a person verbally - we observe all this from the meeting room, where individual deputies, not wanting to improve their literacy, are more willing to correct the Russian language. Our politicians have no respect for the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation. CONTENT
By the way, in heated debates, politicians should not forget about the different ways of expressing disagreement in assessments. For example, in England you will never hear: "Deputy N is lying." Rather, it will sound like this: "The Honorable Deputy deviated from the truth." CONTENT
What is the ideal parliamentary speech? Correct, expressive, it should attract attention not by violation of the norms, but by their observance, be meaningful, capacious. And whether it's a rally, parliamentary hearings or international meetings, the speech should not turn into loudmouthing. CONTENT
Colloquialism and jargon are the most common abuses of parliamentarians. To put it simply, they intend to be known as "their own", to be closer to the people. CONTENT
Working with the state language is a complicated matter. Approving the law on the state language, apparently, is even more difficult. The agreed version of the language law establishes the obligations of federal and regional authorities in relation to the language: to conduct office work in "literary Russian", not to use analogues of foreign words in Russian in office work, and so on. CONTENT
In 2003, the "Profanity" bill was discussed. Both deputies and cultural figures rose to the stands to defend obscene language. It was noticeable how, actively advocating for the legalization of the use of jargon in direct speech, they enjoyed the repeated pronunciation of the well-known Russian three-letter word. There are two reasons for this phenomenon. Conscious orientation to the mat and a low level of education. CONTENT
"Pay for services" "Older children" "Is it acceptable, is it right to remain aloof from the process that leads us to the abyss?" "... And then every third-rate clerk of the Russian government strives to get the status of blue" (about flashing lights on cars) CONTENTS
"The great Confucius said: "Whoever has a rifle is right." "I will note from the most recent one." I’ll tell you about this later” “Everything must be approached carefully again: you can’t immediately with a saber on tanks on a horse and chop the whole thing right away” CONTENTS
"He announced that" "They will have to answer for what they have done, so they, including through the mouth of Yavlinsky, will cling to everything that is possible in our Fatherland" "The stillborn CIS continues to die" "On the Prokhorovsky field, 1200 tanks grabbed melee" CONTENTS
"A more compromise option: lowering the promotion" "Putin, of course, is a cool man. But he is not as Russian as Yeltsin. He will never hug his shoulder and say: "Bor, I have drunk a cistern of vodka in my whole life" "The program" Dolls ", I think, is done with talent. The fact that I'm a freak there doesn't upset me at all" CONTENTS
"I considered it necessary to bring to the opinion of the "President", "we want to draw public attention to this problem." "If only someone, just so that someone, here from someone, somehow form a government" CONTENTS
"We will be told ..." "Not a single Hitler has bitten the throat of a single Russian soldier yet!" "Every day, 300 billion Russian money, dollars, work for someone else's economy" "The president should be elected for 20 years. And for people like Yavlinsky and Zyuganov, I would generally set a zero term" CONTENTS
"Often, people of dubious reputation, failed politicians, unelected officials are in the Federation Council" "With the help of proven techniques, masters of black PR easily make a monster out of a hero, and an example to follow out of a bastard" "Egg-headed young guys who understand business work in the committee" "What kind of income do you earn?" CONTENT
Photo Woman's day
Texts checked:
- Andrey Shcherbakov, Dean of the Faculty of Philology,
- Arina Zhukova, Head of the Department of Russian Literature and Intercultural Communication,
- Tatiana Kudoyarova, Associate Professor of the Department of Russian Literature and Intercultural Communication.
Maxim Vitorgan
Photo by @mvitorgan
Number of errors: 2
Possible rating: 4
Theater and film actor Maxim Vitorgan has always been known as an erudite. No wonder that in our imaginary class he turned out to be one of the best students. Made only two mistakes! And not rough. A good teacher for such work could put 5 with a minus.
What mistakes did
1. In this case, an anacoluf is used (a stylistic device consisting in a deliberate grammatical mismatch), referring to the title of the feature film by Alexei Popogrebsky “How I Spent This Summer”.
2. Technical flaw: an extra space between the word and the comma.
Ksenia Sobchak
Photo by @xenia_sobchak
Number of errors: 8
Possible rating: 4
But Vitorgan's wife turned out to be less attentive when writing her texts. We know that Ksenia is an educated woman. She's from the cultural capital! But this did not stop the star presenter from getting confused with commas. Our verdict: four with a minus.
What mistakes did you make
1. Extra comma. “Now I switched from 150 ml tubes to this huge jar” - this is a simple sentence, not complicated by any constructions. The comma before the word "passed" is not needed.
2. And here the comma is missing. “And then I decided to try 3LAB because I was very pleased with their eye cream and AquaBB cushion.” A complex sentence with a subordinate clause of reason, a comma is needed before the conjunction “because”.
3−4. A comma is missing between homogeneous members of the sentence, connected by a repeating union "and".
5. Again missing a comma. “And now I’m afraid that it will end and I sprinkle sparingly” - this is a complex sentence with an explanatory clause, the clause (that it will end) is inside the main sentence, therefore it is separated from both sides by commas.
6. “No color, no smell, convenient spray and the skin is not greasy after it” - this is also a complex sentence (compound), between the parts of which you need to put a comma.
7. There is no comma in the complex sentence before the union "to".
8. “... a beautiful look like “surfer girls” - a comparative turn with the union “how” should be separated by commas.
Dima Bilan
Photo by @bilanofficial
Number of errors: 5
Possible rating: 4
Dima Bilan sometimes expresses his thoughts as if he is not addressing ordinary people, but some kind of cosmic beings, apparently more intelligent. But in general, the singer writes, though incomprehensibly, but competently. Only five mistakes.
What mistakes did
1. There is no hyphen in the word "some". Suffixes -something, -either, -something are written with a hyphen.
2. “... no matter what happened ...” - in this sentence there is no negation in meaning, the author does not talk about what did not happen, but emphasizes a large number, so the particle must not be used to strengthen the affirmative meaning.
4. “... but as far as I can remember ...” - the opposing conjunction “but” is superfluous in meaning here. It must be removed.
5. “For as long as I can remember, I remember” - you need a comma between parts of a complex sentence.
Olga Buzova
Photo by @buzova86
Number of errors: 17
Possible rating: 3
The main blonde of "House-2" knows firsthand that learning is light, and ignorance is darkness. Olga is constantly learning and tirelessly working on her speech technique. True, oral. But the girl still has problems with writing. Our experts found 17 errors in her (grammatical, lexical, punctuation). For such work at school, the teacher would put a three with a big stretch.
What mistakes did you make
1. Unjustified capitalization.
2. Quotation marks for the words "lame" and "bite" are unnecessary.
4. The logic is broken: first about the shortcomings, then without an obvious transition about the pluses, then the opposition of the shortcomings to the dignity. It would be better to logically arrange judgments like this: yes, there are minuses, but there are also pluses.
5. Violation of compatibility, mixing of paronyms: for hotel residents or hotel guests.
6. The logical stress has been shifted. It is necessary to change the words in places: “so you won’t see on the roof ...”
7. A comma is not needed, as these are homogeneous clauses.
8. It is better to put a comma.
9. You need a hyphen, you should write "some".
10. Need a comma, because this is a compound sentence, and its parts do not have common members.
11. If this is a clip name, the first word must be capitalized.
12. The introductory word “used” must be separated on both sides with commas.
13−14. A comma is not needed, since the turnover for no reason does not need to be separated.
15. Unfortunate compatibility, it is better to use the verb "to plant".
16. A comma between homogeneous members connected by the union "and" is not needed.
17. The adverbial turnover must be separated by commas on both sides.
Sergei Shnurov
Photo by @shnurovs
Number of errors: 1
Possible rating: 5
The outrageous singer loves to surprise not only on stage, but also on his blog. You won’t quote most of the artist’s notes: one foul language! But there are also records like the one we took as an example. And then the shock. No major mistakes! Although, of course, it doesn’t hurt to learn punctuation marks for a musician ...
What mistakes did
Serious violations of language, stylistic, spelling and punctuation norms were not found.
1. In this case, the introductory construction must be separated by commas on both sides.
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. The introductory word is separated by commas.
Anfisa Chekhova
Photo by @achekhova
Number of errors: 15
Possible rating: 3
Recently, the TV presenter began to use her Instagram page as a blog. Anfisa talks in detail about the travels, successes of Solomon's son, shares her thoughts and plans for the future with fans. And the larger the text, as we see, the more likely it is to make a mistake. Anfisa got 15 of them! We just have to give an unsatisfactory rating ...
What mistakes did you make
1. In this construction (concessive clause), the particle “neither” should be written. The mistake is gross, but very common.
2. A comma is needed between the main and subordinate clauses.
3. Some kind of sign is needed at this point, since we have before us an all-union proposal. You can write it in two separate sentences or separate "tired of fame" with a dash.
4. The subordinate clause inside the main clause must be separated by commas on both sides.
5. In writing, it is better to use the genitive case: I am waiting for the next message.
6. There are no grammatical conditions for setting a comma.
7. Unfortunate use of the possessive pronoun "my." In this case, it’s better to say “with my own / with my own joy”, since there is a combination of “seeing a person”.
8. Here it is better to use not a semantic agreement, but a formal one: agree on the adjective “should” by gender with “person”, cf.: “A person with a desire not to be indebted to anyone.”
9. The union "to", introducing the subordinate clause of the goal, is written together.
10. There are no grammatical conditions for setting a comma.
11. At the junction of the unions “what” and “if”, referring to different subordinate clauses, in this case a comma is needed, because conjunction "if" does not have a second part.
12. Pleonasm, the compatibility of words is broken. Better: pictures with passers-by / with everyone you meet.
13. Need spaces and dashes.
14. The absence of a dot at the end of a sentence, it is replaced by smiley brackets, which is typical for Internet communication and, probably, cannot be considered an error in this type of text.
15. A capital letter is generally not needed, but this is the author's use.
Pasha Volya
Photo by @pavelvolyaofficial
Number of errors: 0
Possible rating: 5
To the teacher of Russian language and literature, namely, such a specialty is indicated in the Comedy Club resident diploma, respectively, and the requirements are high. But Paul did not disappoint. In our virtual class, he would be the unequivocal favorite of teachers, and among his peers he could claim the title of “nerd” and hear the same phrase addressed to him every day: “Pasha, let me write off!”
How did you make mistakes
Serious violations of language, stylistic, spelling and punctuation norms were not found.
1. In this case, after the call, it is better to use not a dot, but an exclamation mark.
2. Obvious typo: extra pronoun "I".
Anastasia Volochkova
Photo by @volochkova_art
Number of errors: 1
Possible rating: 5
Volochkova always has such bright and unusual photos on Instagram that no one even looks at the texts under them. But it turns out that the main ballerina of the country is an excellent student! One serious mistake, although the text of a decent amount. Eh, Nastya, in our class of threes you would be pecked for both splits and flawless tests ...
What mistakes did you make
1. Excessive repetition of the verb "was."
2. The participle, standing after the word being defined and included in a series of homogeneous members, is separated by commas (not a gross mistake!).
3. Comparative turnover "as usual" is separated by commas.
Darya Dontsova
Photo by @dontsova_official
Number of errors: 4
Possible rating: 4
Reading the personal notes of writers is doubly curious. Books are carefully proofread before being published. It turns out that the author does not have to be too literate. But Daria Dontsova successfully passed our exam. She made only a few mistakes and deserved a solid four.
Photo by @ann_semenovich
Number of errors: 25
Possible rating: 2
Recently, the singer is also verbose. Only she, unlike Anfisa Chekhova, has a psychological theme: how to love yourself, how to change your life, how to think positively, and so on. All this is very interesting, but not always clean from a grammatical point of view. 25 mistakes! For such an essay at school, Semenovich would definitely have received a solid deuce.
What mistakes did you make
1. Adverbs with the prefix po-, ending in -mu, -him, -ski, are written with a hyphen.
2. Here it is better to use a dash, since there is a kind of generalization of what was said in the first part.
3. There are no grammatical conditions for setting a comma.
4. Perhaps the savior was meant?
5. It would be better to put an end here.
6. You need a comma before the participle.
7. The purpose of the brackets is not clear.
8. Logic requires a question mark here, as in the previous sentence.
9. Here we need commas between homogeneous members connected by unions "and".
10. You need a space and a comma or a dash before "and all this (was) me."
11. Contamination of combinations "to live someone else's life" and "to play other people's roles."
12. There are no grammatical conditions for setting a comma.
13−14. The purpose of the brackets is not clear.
15. A comma is needed between parts of a compound sentence.
16. Between the subject and the predicate in the construction “what is what” you need a dash, not a comma.
17. Punctuation should be: "Accept yourself and others as we are."
18. Again the construction “what is what”, you need a dash between the subject and the predicate, cf.: “Accepting yourself and others as we are is happiness.”
19. Need a comma between parts of a compound sentence.
20. There are no grammatical conditions for setting a comma.
21-23. You need a comma between parts of a compound sentence.
24. A colon is needed here, not a comma, because The next part of the sentence clarifies the content of the previous one.
25. A dash is needed here.
Word to the teacher
Andrey Shcherbakov, Dean of the Faculty of Philology of the State Institute of the Russian Language. A.S. Pushkin:
“Ten texts were presented for analysis, created in the format of network communication (blogs, posts in social networks, etc.). In this case, the authors act as individuals, and not representatives of official structures or the media. That is why the requirements for compliance with linguistic, stylistic and spelling norms cannot be as strict as those imposed on the media, much is at the mercy of the author, his stylistic tastes and preferences.
It should be noted that in such texts there is an influence of the specifics of oral speech, which must also be taken into account. There are elements specific to Internet communication. For example, emoticons, emoticons, hyperlinks to pages in social networks, addresses not by name, but by nickname, etc. That is why some usages that are unusual for traditional (non-network) texts cannot be regarded as errors or shortcomings: the absence of a dot after emoticon brackets , non-normative use of uppercase (capital) letters, extra spaces between words and punctuation marks or their absence, etc. Nevertheless, a number of violations of the norms seem to be quite serious.”
Also, on behalf of Rector Margarita Rusetskaya, we congratulate everyone on the beginning of the academic year and Literacy Day! We wish you to love and respect Russian literature as a sphere of your development throughout your life. Good command of the Russian language as a communication tool is the real key to success in both professional and personal life.
Two-thirds of Russians say they notice mistakes in the speech and writing of others. Every third respondent is very annoyed about this. These are the data of one of the sociological surveys conducted by the Public Opinion Foundation. Wrong emphasis, spelling mistakes, lack of punctuation in correspondence, word distortion and abuse of jargon and foreign words are among the top mistakes that cause anger and heated discussions. According to sociologists, Russians are more condescending towards stylistic mistakes, the use of words in the wrong meaning, and the poor vocabulary of the interlocutor.
Of course, most of us try to control our speech, but not everyone manages to control themselves all the time. Mistakes in conversation are often made even by those who self-confidently consider their speech impeccable.
ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS OF OUR READERS
Question number 1: It annoys me very much when I hear (and very often) - extraction, but it seems to me that it is necessary to say extraction. Or am I not right? Tina.
Answer:
Tina, good afternoon! You are right, such a statement of stress can be heard quite often. Especially during interviews, public speeches and comments by representatives of the oil and coal industries. Even specialists who have received higher education under the influence of the team begin to make mistakes from time to time.
Mining instead of mining- a typical example of professional jargon: the miners of Kuzbass can answer your remark: "Production is with thieves, and we have extraction." Unfortunately, the literary norm (and in all dictionaries it is, of course, mining) will not take root in a professional environment: miners, geologists, and oilmen consider the wrong placement of stress to be the only correct one.
Oddly enough, stand up for prey could the poets of the 18th century: at that time the word had no social restriction - in the texts of Krylov, Sumarokov, Maikov one can see the now obsolete mining.
Question number 2: The phrase of the mother-in-law hurts my hearing: “I pierced my husband with medicines” (that is, I made a series of injections prescribed by the doctor). How to say? Muse-Muse
Answer:
Muse Muse hello! In the Big Explanatory Dictionary, the verb "pierce" has several meanings.
1. Make a through hole in something (with something piercing). Poke through. For example: Poke another hole in the watch strap. Pierce the sole of the boot with broken glass.
2. Injure someone with a stabbing object. For example: Pierce the hussar with a sword.
3. Spend some time chopping, breaking into pieces. For example: The whole evening I pierced the firewood for the bath.
The expression “pierced her husband’s medicine” is colloquial. And it is not immediately clear why your mother-in-law pierced the packages of medicines intended for her husband. You can replace the phrase with: “I injected all the medicines” (but even here someone might think that your mother-in-law used all the drugs prescribed by the doctor at a time). Of course, the context is clear, but it’s still more correct to say: “I gave my husband all the necessary injections” or “The course of injections / course of treatment was completed.”
Question number 3: How to pronounce the word "poker" in the genitive plural? Valery
Answer:
Valery, hello! You have asked one of the most popular questions of the school curriculum. Mikhail Zoshchenko in the story "Kocherga" describes "a funny incident that happened in one institution." The text of the classic contains the answer to your question.
If we talk about the literary norm, then feminine nouns in the plural in the genitive case sound like this: poker, roofs, estates, waffles, herons, nannies, skittles.
Public speaking is a real torture for a person who, in his spare time from elections, works at a factory, treats the sick, prints documents for his boss on a printer, or even if he is listed as a deputy, but does not practice verbal activity.
Participation in pre-election debates is hardly enjoyable for the majority of regional candidates. The microphone in their hands makes them get confused in words, hold long pauses and forget the basics of grammar. We recognize that any public debate is stressful for an inexperienced speaker, so we were quite indulgent to the reservations and chaotic speech of the candidates and tried to isolate only the most noticeable and systemic errors in their speeches.
Of all the participants in the debate, the representatives of the Party of Growth turned out to be the most literate. In the speech of their nominees, we did not find any significant errors at all.
The consignment:"United Russia"
Representative: Vadim Berezhnoy
Direct speech:"What's the first thing that comes to mind?" - Mr. Berezhnoy argued live.
Where is the mistake: The candidate allowed the replacement of the phraseological combination component (the correct option is “What is the first thing that comes to mind?”). However, this is not such a terrible mistake, given that thought and mind are located in approximately the same place and it is easy to confuse them.
The consignment:"Fair Russia"
Representative: Evgeny Dubovsky
Direct speech:“I will give the microphone to my opponent,” said Mr. Dubovsky, handing over the device to Alexei Provozin.
Where is the mistake: Perhaps someday one of the most professional Omsk deputies from the SR, Alexei Provozin, will become an opponent of Evgeny Dubovsky. But for now, he is his fellow party member and like-minded person.
The consignment: LDPR
Representatives: Evgeny Gololobov and Alexey Lozhkin
Direct speech: Let's say candidate Lozhkin talks about "their prerogative", offers to "place their kids in kindergarten", advocates "expansion of their business", worries about "the quality of their repairs". And this is “with their small salary” ... And he also has “his own private business” and “funds”. And he is not averse to "playing a big impact."
Evgeny Gololobov answers him with the thesis about "50% payments for utility bills", and this is his "most basic point".
What are the errors:"Theirs" instead of "theirs". Lozhkin's version of the candidate is appropriate only in colloquial speech. “Your private” is pleonasm. The first word duplicates the meaning of the second. It is impossible to “play a big influence”, but Alexei managed to play a significant role in the violation of lexical compatibility and, in general, have a noticeable influence on this process. The Ministry of Education is no longer embarrassed by the "agreement", but so far they are embarrassed by the "funds". However, this is a fairly common mistake in a bureaucratic environment.
Not every specialist in the field of housing and communal services will be able to explain the meaning of the phrase of candidate Gololobov about “50% payments for utility bills. Suppose that in this way the candidate tried to voice the party's initiative to provide benefits for housing and communal services. Well, in the elections, we hope, Eugene will get the “most magnificent” result. In the meantime, we diagnose his inability to get rid of redundant words in a sentence. After all, the word “main” is already used in the meaning of “most-most”, therefore it does not need such clarifications.
Nuance: The word "theirs" was actively used in their vocabulary by the previous leaders of the Omsk branch of the LDPR - Yan Zelinsky and Vladimir Ovsyannikov. Apparently, this is a kind of political tradition, and thus the party shows that it is not going to break away from the people.
The consignment: CPRF
Representatives: Artur Gilt, Dmitry Gorbunov, Andrey Litau
Direct speech: While candidate Gorbunov yearns to “get an education with a broad outlook”, his party colleague Litau is sure that “parliamentarism has outlived its usefulness”, so we “begin to reap the mechanisms” while “the country of the Soviets rested in God”, because “we must understand about that..."
Well, the third communist - Arthur Gilt - is sure that Omsk rural schools "barely breathe their last breath."
What are the errors: A person can have a broad outlook (yes, even, for example, Dmitry Gorbunov), but not such an inanimate object as education. So it is quite possible to get a universal education and, thanks to this, to pass for a person with a broad outlook.
Candidate Litau is not very professional with phraseological units. In the first case, he allowed an unjustified expansion of the composition of phraseological units, in the second he replaced one component of a stable combination with a word that never existed in the phraseological unit “reap the benefits”. He also incorrectly stressed the word "boze" and picked up the wrong pronoun.
The communist Gilt repeated Comrade Litau's first mistake, expanding the phraseological turn by adding the adverb "barely". But in the case of rural education, this is, in principle, justified. In the understanding of many, some rural schools are living out their last days, and in general, due to the dilapidation of buildings, they barely work.
The consignment:"Apple"
Representatives: Vladimir Kalekin
Direct speech: The candidate asked very much to "pay attention to this."
Where is the mistake: Violation of the norms of lexical compatibility was admitted. His phrase should have sounded like this: please pay attention to this. Or so: please pay attention to this.
Comments
 host of the "Correct Speech" community on Facebook | Is good speech important for a public person? Is it important for him to appear in front of the public in a clean shirt? Speech errors, slurred speech are “spots” on the impression that we make on others. It is important for a candidate to speak simply and clearly so that every voter can understand him. Speech errors worsen the quality of speech, and therefore reduce its clarity and intelligibility. An illiterate speech will alienate an educated audience, but is unlikely to attract a poorly educated one, who may not consider the candidate an ignorant person, but will not find his speech more understandable either. The appearance of speech errors in the spoken text can hardly be considered a strategy. Usually this is the real level of Russian language proficiency. Alas, for many candidates for elective office, this level is indeed very low. |
 political scientist, head of the Center for the settlement of social conflicts | The voter votes for the candidate who is closest to him, similar to him. However, this candidate must have character traits that distinguish him: leadership qualities, initiative, openness, and others, including competent speech. Other things being equal, people will vote for the candidate who has a more literate, understandable and vivid speech. Even Vladimir Putin admits that he periodically consults with a linguist or philologist about certain rules of the Russian language. In pre-election debates one cannot speak “the language of Gaidar and Yavlinsky”, use scientific terminology or simply abstruse words that are incomprehensible to the people. You came to people - so tell in simple terms what you want, what plans and means you have to achieve them. After the candidate's speech, the voter must say to himself: "This person understands me, and I understand him, we must give him a chance." |
 political strategist, coach | Debate, as a situation quite stressful and unusual for many, perfectly demonstrates all the qualities of the applicants' speech. Candidates all over Russia have become a fount of banter among political technologists, but for the "end consumer" - the voter - all this is rather sad. It is one thing when a couple of words of common origin are deliberately “fitted” into a reasoned and evidence-based speech. Another is when jargon, vernacular and simply misused words are on every second of communication. Many do not know how to build a phrase, hear a question and parry or “deploy” the answer in the right direction, find arguments. Why? There are several answers: saving on oneself, which does not bring success, but subsequently requires large expenditures, ignorance of the principles of communication, and, finally, unwillingness or misunderstanding of the need for such work on the part of consultants and political technologists. And with the approach ala #samsebetechnologist, we get the product #samsebecandidate. |
 head of sales department 21st century-TV | One of the deepest campaign misconceptions is believing that bad language will help PR. If the potential audience of the candidate is completely illiterate people, they may not notice the disregard for the norms of the Russian language. Only in this case, an initially losing move may not have a negative impact on the opinion of the candidate. Because even those who do not shine with literacy themselves will not want to trust an uneducated person to manage their interests. After all, people with a head are needed there! But a candidate is unlikely to pin his hopes only on a completely illiterate population. And for everyone else who notices a “warped” syllable, it will cause rejection with a probability of 96%. 4% will think that this is a PR move, but they won’t vote for this “non-politician” anyway, because they won’t take him seriously. |
"New Omsk", in turn, invites you to take a literacy test.
The debates of candidates for deputies of the Omsk Legislative Assembly, aired on the air of "GTRK-Omsk" on August 31, September 1 and September 2, 2016, were analyzed. Read about the most “popular” candidates for deputies of the State Duma in the next issue of “DO”.
Grammar Nazi is your middle name? On the one hand, it is very unethical to play a know-it-all both in person and in online correspondence on social networks. But on the other hand, this is ignorance - to be illiterate and not know your native Russian language. Everyone has a girlfriend or boyfriend who regularly says “call”. How it cuts the ear, and with undisguised irritation you slap her for it. But what if you try in a joking manner to say “call” in response? It will be much more effective, and at one point you will hear the long-awaited correct accent!
Examples of speech errors in Russian
People communicate through speech, it is a kind of communication channel. And, as you know, if the signal is broken, the connection can break. Therefore, in order for human bonds to remain inseparable, speech must be correct. Which typical mistakes are made in the pronunciation of a proper name?
Ukraine or Ukraine?
All derived country names must be pronounced with an accent on the consonant: Ukraine, resident - Ukrainian, language - Ukrainian. It is a mistake to emphasize the letter A.
Marilyn Monroe reading
Decline Maria Tsigal by cases
Who what?
- Maria Tsigal.
- Who, what?
- Maria Tsigal.
- To whom; to what?
- Maria Tsigal, etc.
Women's surnames that end in a soft sign do not decline.
In Ivanovo or in Ivanovo?
How often do we hear: “We live in Ivanovo” or “We live in Ivanovo”. Right - live in Ivanovo, live in Ivanovo.
Below are examples of typical speech errors in Russian and the peculiarities of the use of these words.
Inside? INSIDE!
When dressing, we tuck the blouse INSIDE the skirt. Opening the envelope, we look INSIDE. No prefixes "in" must not be.
Dress up? WEAR!
This case is perhaps the most common misuse of the word in speech. There is a simple rule by which it is easy to remember the correct use of these words depending on the context. WEAR a hat - WEAR a daughter. When it comes to yourself, in this case, put on, someone else - put on.
Marilyn Monroe carefully reads a book
Finish school, university? FINISH!
The school asked me to do my own project. And here's the thing BEHIND over. You tidied up the house - Finished. As you understand, they finish the job, and the educational institution (university, school, auto courses) ABOUT finish.
Boiling white? BLUE WHITE!
You cook pasta or meat, and snow-white foam always forms on the surface - boil, as our ancestors called it once in ancient times.
Therefore, white wardrobe items are boiling white - and no others!
Colleagues? Just COLLEAGUES!
The word “colleague” already by default has the following meaning: “a person who works with me, or who has a similar profession”, so explain that “Vasya is my work colleague” is a redundant expression.
Creams, sweaters, jumpers? CREAMS, SWEATERS, JUMPERS!
We hear the ending “a” in these words regularly, it brings a certain “simplicity” into colloquial speech. It is much more “poetic” and more correct to use the “s” at the end: today we went shopping and bought warm jumpers, and then went to the cosmetics department and bought nourishing creams.
Eat? EAT!
When pronouncing the phrase “I ate”, remember that it sounds like it comes from the mouth of a mannered coquette. The word "is" is universal. It is worth distinguishing the boundaries of the possible-impossible. Asking a child if he ate is quite ethical.. However, an adult man who answered about himself: “I ate” is bad manners.
Lie down? LAY!
This is one of the most common mistakes in speech. Remember the rule: the word "lie" does not exist, it is used only with prefixes: Put on the table, Put in a pile, etc. The famous phrase from the movies: “put the phone down” is also not the norm. Just "put it down."
Surely, in half? HARDLY, IN HALF!
Remember the popular in the 90s group "Na-na"? So: in the case of these words, no “na-na” is needed: IT IS UNLIKELY today we will go somewhere, we will divide the fruit in HALF.
Marilyn Monroe reading a book in bed
Upon arrival, upon arrival, upon completion? ON ARRIVAL, ON ARRIVAL, ON END!
The correct use of these words primarily rests on your visual memory, frequent reading and interest in dictionaries, since there are no test rules for them. It remains only to remember well, to memorize.
sheet? SHEET!
How easy it is to make a mistake with the end of the words "nya, nya." get out colloquial "sheet" from our vocabulary! To do this, you have to remember your childhood and Chukovsky's famous poem "Moydodyr":
“The blanket ran away, the sheet flew away, and the pillow, like a frog, jumped away from me ...”
Vacuuming? Vacuuming? I CLEAN WITH A VACUUM CLEANER!
The struggle for cleanliness in the house often ends in a struggle for correct speech! You are putting things in order, but suddenly a friend called and asks what you do. You answer: "I vacuum ... I vacuum ... I suck dust" ... That's right - "I clean with a vacuum cleaner"!
According to the order, orders? According to the ORDER, ORDER!
The preposition "according to" is always followed by a noun in the genitive case, that is, answering the question “what”: “according to what? Order." The bonus for the month was issued according to the order of the director of the enterprise.
Wash? WASH!
Using the words to wash, rinse, remove the additional ending “sya”, you seem to attribute the action to yourself, that is, you are going to rinse, wash and scrub yourself from dirt.
Shoes? SHOE!
It is impossible not to recall the famous phrase from the film "Prisoner of the Caucasus", which has become almost winged: "Whose shoe." The word "shoes" is unchanged. Correct usage: tried on a pair of shoes today which I really liked.
Tea, sugar or TEA, SUGAR?
Experts of the reference service of the Russian language "Gramoty.ru" answer: both options are acceptable. And they add: if earlier forms on -u, -u (drink tea, eat soup, add sugar) were preferable, now they have acquired a colloquial connotation and are gradually losing their popularity to forms on -a, -i (pour tea, put sugar) .
Marilyn Monroe reading a book while lying on the couch
Expresso? ESPRESSO!
How about going for a cup of your favorite espresso? If you're hearing this, you're practically offended to the core! This is the most common misuse of the word in speech. The reason for the confusion is the mixing of two words from Italian and English, which have a similar sound and the same meaning: espresso - fast in Italian, express - "quick, urgent, emergency" in English. We will travel by express train from Moscow to St. Petersburg, enjoying a cup of our favorite espresso while sitting in the dining car.
What are found:
- Pronunciators: carves (wrong) - pays (true), of course (wrong) - of course (true).
- Lexical: Indian - turkey.
- Phraseological: the combination of two stable phrases ("slips and folded") - "You can't do it with folded sleeves."
- Morphological: towels, pianos, cheaper, etc.
- Syntactic: there are many books on the table (incorrect agreement).
- Spelling: tubaret, vogzal, here, etc. (found in written speech).
Funny misspelled words
Often we make funny mistakes in words and do not even notice it. Sometimes this happens by accident (proverb), but more often than not, the person doesn't really know how to pronounce the word correctly. Evoshny, evonny, theirs - it's so rustic. These are incorrect derivatives of the words "his" and "them". "It would be funny if it wasn't so sad." The most common mistakes in Russian are often made automatically. We heard this word somewhere, remembering it on a subconscious level. Therefore, if you do not want to accidentally embarrass yourself at some kind of performance at work, in public, carefully “filter the market”.
"Etovat" - what kind of animal is this?
Few people know such a word as this. And it turns out it exists. Its meaning can be compared with the English Do, denoting an action, but indefinite. This is a universal verb that can be replaced by another depending on the context.
- "What did you do today?"
“Yes, it’s been all day!”
or
“Stop it here for me!”
Here it is, a diverse Russian language, different in it and the features of the use of words in speech. Some words that are not currently used are often mistaken for speech errors by those who do not know their meaning. For example: lamb - lamb, hail - city, blueberry - nun and etc.
Crib! You can check the word you are interested in - its pronunciation, stress, spelling, features of meaning and use - using the Gramota.ru, Gramma.ru, Yandex dictionaries portals. The Orfogrammka.ru website allows you to get rid of errors in whole sentences and paragraphs - to put things in order, for example, in the text of a comment, a letter. It is interesting to train literacy by doing online dictations (everyone heard about the Total Dictation project?) and interactive exercises, which are many on Gramota.ru
Examples of sentences with frequent speech errors constantly heard:
- I don't have bills paid.
- You have to put things like this.
- Will you call me?
Even in the media, this is often allowed: “Thanks to the earthquake, thousands of residents died.”
Conclusion
Speaking your native language correctly is not only the duty of a citizen of the country, but also his respectful attitude towards other members of society. That is why it is so important to instill in a child a love of learning a language from childhood. Incorrect tongue-tied speech leads to misunderstanding in communication between people.
